'자주관리'에 해당되는 글 3건

  1. 2013.06.07 [영상] Vio.Me : 테쌀로니키에서의 자주관리 (via globaluprisings)
  2. 2013.02.13 점거된 그리스 공장이 노동자 자주관리 하에 생산을 시작한다
  3. 2009.08.01 [펌] Workers Creating Hope : Factory Occupations and Self-Management (먼쓸리리뷰) 1

[영상] Vio.Me : 테쌀로니키에서의 자주관리 (via globaluprisings)

NUDA POTENZA 2013. 6. 7. 03:34



Vio.Me : 테쌀로니키에서의 자주관리

via globaluprisings



그리스 테쌀로니키에 있는 <Vio.Me.> 공장 노동자들은 자주관리의 국제적 상징으로 빠르게 성장했다. 그들은 2013년 2월 12일 파업 및 공장점거에 돌입한 이후, 공장을 다시 열고 노동자 자주관리 하에서 생산을 시작했다. 많은 이들에게, 이 공장은 그리스의 실업노동자들에게 새로운 가능한 길 - 생산수단을 장악하는 것, 고용주 없이 공장을 운영하는 것, 필요한 물건만 생산하는 것, 그 물건들을 연대 네트워크를 통해 유통시키는 것 - 을 열어주는 것이다.  


"우리가 내는 모든 추가 이윤은 그것을 필요로 하는 사람들에게 나누어질 겁니다. 우리의 계획은 실업노동자들이나 지원이 필요한 사람들을 도움을 제공하는 것입니다." 

Dimitrios Koumasiouras, <Vio.me> 노동자


이 영상은 노동자들이 어떻게 자주관리 하에서 공장을 다시 열었는지에 대한 이야기를 들려주며 이 공장이 현재 어디를 향해 나아가고 있는지를 보여준다. 








+ <점거된 그리스 공장이 노동자 자주관리 하에 생산을 시작한다> http://imirreducible.tistory.com/156


:

점거된 그리스 공장이 노동자 자주관리 하에 생산을 시작한다

NUDA POTENZA 2013. 2. 13. 05:06



점거된 그리스 공장이 노동자 자주관리 하에 생산을 시작한

점거하라, 저항하라, 생산하라!




“우리는 이것이 노동자 투쟁의 유일한 미래라고 생각합니다.”

마키스 아나그노스토우(Makis Anagnostou), <Vio.Me> 노동조합 대변인




2013년 2월 12일 화요일은 그리스 테쌀로니키의 <Viomichaniki Metalleutiki>(Vio.Me) 공장에서 노동자 자주관리 하에 생산을 시작하는 공식적인 첫째 날이다. 이는 고용주와 위계 없이 조직된 생산을 뜻한다. 고용주와 위계가 아닌, 노동자들의 직접적인 민주적 모임을 통해 계획된 생산이다. 노동자들의 모임은 불평등한 자원분배의 종식을 선언했으며, 앞으로 평등하고 공정한 집단적으로 결정된 급료를 얻게 될 것이다. 이 공장은 건축자재를 생산하는데, 노동자들은 환경에 해롭지 않은 상품들을 유해하거나 파괴적이지 않은 방식으로 생산해나갈 계획이라고 선언했다.


“실업률이 30%까지 치솟고, 허황된 말들과 약속들과 더 많은 세금에 진절머리가 난, 2011년 5월 이후 임금을 받지 못하고 있는 <Vio.Me> 노동자들이, 노조 총회의 결정에 따라 영구적인 실업상태에 빠지는 대신 공장을 손에 넣어 스스로 운영하기로 결정했음을 선언한다. 이제 노동자들이 <Vio.Me>를 장악할 시간이다!” (<Vio.Me> 노동자들과 함께 쓴 <Open Solidarity Initiative>의 성명서, 전문은 http://Viome.org)


<Vio.Me> 노동자들은 2011년 5월에 임금이 끊겼고, 이후 소유주와 경영진은 공장을 버리고 떠났다. 일련의 모임들이 있은 후 노동자들은 함께 공장을 운영하기로 결정했다. 그때부터 노동자들은 공장과 생산에 필요한 기계를 점거했고 수호했다. 그들은 엄청난 지지를 받으며 그리스 전역의 다른 노동자들 및 커뮤니티들과 계속 접촉했다. 이러한 단체들, 커뮤니티들, 개인들의 연대와 지지는 노동자들과 그 가족들이 지금껏 생계를 유지하는 데 큰 공헌을 했다.


이러한 노동자들의 회복과 관리를 위한 노동자 점거 경험은, 역사상으로나 현재로서나 새로운 일이 아니다. 2001년 이후로 아르헨티나에는 노동자들에 의해 민주적으로 운영되는 300여 개의 작업장이 있다. 그 작업장들은 진료소, 신문사, 학교에서부터 금속공장, 인쇄소, 호텔에 이른다. 이 경험은 노동자들이 [조건상] 자신의 작업장을 함께 운영하지 못하는 것일 뿐 [실제로는] 더 잘 운영할 수 있다는 사실을 보여주었다. 아르헨티나의 사례는 아메리카 대륙 전체에 퍼졌고 이제 유럽과 미국으로까지 퍼지고 있다. 시카고에서는 <New World Windows> 노동자들이 전 소유주 및 경영진과의 수년간의 투쟁 끝에 노동자 자주관리 하에 생산을 시작했다. 그리고 이제 그리스의 노동자들이, 실업에서 벗어나 전진하는 길―위기에 대한 거부―은 노동자들의 직접적인 민주적 자주관리임을 다시금 보여줄 것이다.


“우리는 모든 노동자들, 실업자들, 위기에 영향을 받는 모든 이들에게 <Vio.Me> 노동자들 옆에 서줄 것을, 그리고 노동자들이 고용주 없이 해낼 수 있다는 믿음을 실행에 옮기려는 이들의 노력을 지지해줄 것을 촉구한다! 관료 없이, 직접적인 민주적 절차를 통해, 투쟁에 참여하고 자신의 작업장 안에서 자신의 싸움을 조직하기.” (노조 웹싸이트 : http://biom-metal.blogspot.gr)


모든 공장 회복이 그렇듯 초기 자금조달이 핵심 문제이다. 연대가 <Vio.Me> 노동자들과 그 가족들의 생계를 유지시켜줄 수 있었지만, 생산을 계속하는 데 필요한 자본은 어마어마하다. 노동조합은 지속가능한 사업계획을 갖고 있지만, 그것을 시작하는 데는 시간이 걸릴 것이다. 처음 몇 달이 중요하다. 재정적인 도움은 상황을 완전히 바꿔놓을 수 있다. 어떤 기부라도 도움이 될 것이다.


직접적인 재정 지원은 국제 연대 웹싸이트(viome.org)를 통해 테쌀로니키의 <Vio.Me> 노동조합에 보낼 수 있다.


연대 성명이나 질문은 protbiometal@gmail.com으로 보낼 수 있다.


Thessaloniki Solidarity Initiative, Brendan Martin (Working World), Dario Azzellini, Marina Sitrin 

서명함.


이 발의의 지지자들 :

David Harvey, Naomi Klein, Avi Lewis, John Holloway, Silvia Federici, George Caffentzis, David Graeber, Mag Wompel (labournet.de), The Cooperativa de Trabajo lavaca, Buenos Aires, Argentina




- 원문은 메일링리스트 [seizing_building_commoning]에서 구독한 Marina Sitrin의 메일 "Greek Factory Under Workers Control". (길다 길어~ :P)


- 2001년 아르헨티나의 경험은 콜렉티보 시투아시오네스의 <19 and 20 : Notes for a New Social Protagonism>과 <권력을 해체하는 카니발>(난장, 근간)에 자세히 나와 있다. (막간 근간 홍보 ㅋㅋ)


- 한진, 쌍차, 콜트콜텍 등이 오버랩되는 데다가 금융위기의 한복판에서 벌어지는 실험이라 앞으로 계속 주목해야할 듯.




:

[펌] Workers Creating Hope : Factory Occupations and Self-Management (먼쓸리리뷰)

뚝딱뚝딱 2009. 8. 1. 00:48

Workers Creating Hope:

Factory Occupations and Self-Management


by Shawn Hattingh



Introduction

In most countries, political leaders and bosses are using the global economic crisis to once again unleash an attack on workers and the poor.  As part of this, we have seen corporations around the world trying to make workers pay for the crisis by retrenching tens of millions of people.  In the most extreme cases, workers arrive at their companies in the morning and are told they no longer have a job.  With all these retrenchments, corporations are not just taking away jobs but they are also attacking people's dignity.  They are literally throwing people into a very uncertain world where it is getting harder and harder to even get the basics of life such as food and shelter.  Of course, the corporate elite are not worried if people starve or live in misery, what they care about is their profit margins and bottom lines.  Through retrenchments, therefore, the elite are waging a war on workers and the poor in the name of corporate survival and profit prospects.  Fortunately, workers around the world have started resisting.  Strikes against retrenchments have occurred from France to China and from Greece to South Korea.  In some cases, workers have even kidnapped their bosses and occupied factories and offices to stop being made 'redundant.'1  It is through this type of direct action that the workers involved are winning concessions from the elite.  Indeed, workplace occupations seem to be one of the most effective ways for people to win their demands and reclaim their dignity back from the elite.

Worker Occupations Are Spreading

A few years ago, it would have seemed crazy to even suggest that workers across the world would be starting to once again occupy their factories to stop closures and retrenchments.  The only place this seemed to happen up until recently was in Argentina.  With the crisis in Argentina in 2001 hundreds of workplace occupations occurred.  In the end, over 200 factories were recovered by workers and in many cases they became democratically run by the workers themselves.2  Nonetheless, few even imagined that factory occupations and self-management would become a possibility in many other countries.  Certainly, in every country around the world retrenchments have been rife over the last 20 years, but staging direct action to stop this through occupations did not look like a realistic option.  For example, in South Africa hundreds of factories have closed since the 1990s, but trade union leaders did not even consider occupations as a viable strategy to combat this.  Within the last several months, however, factory occupations have occurred in at least a dozen other countries besides Argentina.  Once again direct action and even talk of worker self-management are back on the agenda of many workers.

Even in Britain and Northern Ireland, where Thatcher's brutal attack on the coal miners in 1984 left lasting scares amongst workers and the poor, workplace occupations have occurred.  When the car parts manufacturer Visteon informed workers that the company would be shutting its doors, the workers decided to occupy the company's plants.  They were furious as they had only been given 6 minutes notice and a severance package that was paltry.  For over a month, the workers occupied Visteon's buildings despite the threat of arrest.3  In the end, even though they could not save their jobs, they won a severance package that was worth ten times the original offer.  In the process, the Visteon workers regained the dignity that the management tried to strip them of.  Similarly, when workers at Prisme Packaging in Dundee were told that the company was shutting its doors, they staged a 51-day sit-in.  They had decided that they were not willing to lose their jobs and said that they wanted to re-open Prisme as a co-operative under self-management.  For them, victory came when they managed to secure funding for their co-operative venture.4

Similar stories of workplace occupations have also occurred in the Republic of Ireland.  Earlier this year, workers at the Waterford Crystal factory were informed by the companies liquidators -- Deloitte and Touch -- that they no longer had jobs and that they would not even receive severance pay.  The workers decided to defend their livelihoods by staging an occupation.  In response Deloitte and Touch sent in a private security force to threaten and intimidate the workers.  Eventually, however, 10 million Euros was made available for a severance fund and negotiations are now underway for some of the workers to keep their jobs.5

Factory and workplace occupations have also been taking place in several countries on continental Europe.  When the current crisis first struck, in late 2007, 300 workers at Frape Behr in Spain occupied their workplace to stop retrenchments.  As part of this, community activists and supporters surrounded the building and protested in solidarity with the workers inside.6  At the same time as this was occurring, workers in Serbia were occupying their factory, Shinvoz, to prevent it being privatized.7  In France, workers under the threat of retrenchments have also charged into the offices of their bosses and held them until their demands have been met.  For example, at FM Logistics 125 workers invaded a managers meeting and held the bosses hostage.  The reason the workers did this was because the company had formulated a plan to retrench over 470 workers due to the current economic crisis.  After only one day of 'captivity,' the managers of FM Logistics agreed to re-examine their retrenchment plans.  Similar 'bossnappings' have also occurred at the French holdings of Sony, 3M, and Cattepillar.  The majority of the French public have supported these 'bossnappings.'  This support has meant that the French state has not been able to move against the workers involved.8

Over the last few months, factory occupations have also been taking place in Turkey.  Workers in Turkey have been hit extremely hard by the crisis with over 500,000 people losing their jobs since September 2008.  In order to stem this, workers in a number of factories -- such as MEHA textiles and Sinter Metal -- embarked on workplace occupations.  The Turkish state, however, has reacted harshly and used security forces to drive the workers out.  Nonetheless, the workers then camped outside of the factories and their resistance has continued.  Recently, the workers at Sinter held a celebration to mark their 100th day of resistance.9

North America has also seen a string of workplace occupations.  Due to the collapse of the auto industry in Canada, workers have occupied 4 different plants because they had been refused any compensation.  Reportedly, the workers were occupying the plants in order to prevent machinery being removed by the liquidators.  In fact, they were using this tactic in order to force the bosses and the liquidators to the negotiating table.  Likewise, in the United States, there have also been a number of occupations.  The most well know was the Republic Windows and Doors occupation.  The occupation occurred because the workers at the plant were given just 3 days notice that it was to be shut.  To add insult to injury, it turned out that Republic was closing because the Bank of America -- which had received billions of dollars of public money in bailouts -- refused to extend the company's credit.  Again the occupiers received massive public support.  Subsequently, the workers won severance pay and the company has opened under new ownership -- meaning some jobs, but certainly not all -- have been saved.10

With the current global economic crisis, Argentina has once again been taking the lead in occupations and turning occupied factors into worker self-managed institutions.  Under the threat of downsizing and pay cuts, 10 factories have been occupied in Argentina since 2008.  The workers have taken this action to stop the owners from declaring bankruptcy.  Indeed, it has been a strategy of the Argentine business elite to use crises to declare insolvency, then fraudulently liquate assets and suddenly open the business under a new name a few months later.  A number of the newly occupied factories have also received major support from the older self-managed factories.11  Already, workers at least one of the 10 occupied factories -- Arrufat Chocolate -- have elected to take over the factory permanently and operate it on a democratic basis.  They have already gone into production using generators and are turning Arrufat into a viable worker self-managed operation.12

Conclusion

The current economic crisis has seen corporations unleash a series of attacks on workers.  This has included retrenchments, wage freezes, and in some cases closers.  In many parts of the world, workers have responded with their own actions.  These have included workplace occupations and even in some instances complete factory takeovers with the aim of embarking on self-management.  As such, these workers are finding their own solutions to the crisis.  The actions of these workers are inspirational.  It seems likely that more and more workers will begin adopting and adapting the idea of factory occupations as a viable way to save jobs and reclaim the dignity that bosses have tried to take away from them.  Perhaps what we are also seeing through the occupations, takeovers, and self-management is a glimpse of what a post-capitalist world, created by the workers and the poor themselves, would look like.  Indeed, hopefully the factory occupations that we are beginning to see are an embryo of a different world -- a world where there are no bosses, where workers manage themselves, where the economy is democratically planned through worker and community assemblies, where there are no hierarchies, where the environment is not raped, and where the goal is to meet peoples' needs and not make profits.


1  Naomi Klein and Avi Lewis, "Fire the Boss: The Worker Control Solution from Buenos Aires to Chicago,"15 May 2009.

2 Marie Trigona, "FASINPAT (Factory without a boss): An Argentine Experiment in Self-management."  In Spannos, C (ed.) Real Utopia: Participatory Society for the 21st Century, AK Press, 2008.

3  www.libcom.org/tags/visteon-occupation

4  Left Luggage, "Dundee: Prisme Occupation Workers Save Their Jobs," IndyMedia, 24April 2009.

5  Naomi Klein and Avi Lewis, "The Cure for Layoffs: Fire the Boss!" 20 May 2009.

6   Freedom Fight, "Catalan, Serbian Workers 'Squat' in Factories," ZNet, 21 January 2008.

7  Freedom Fight, "Letter of Support to Factory Occupations in Serbia," ZNet, 9 January 2008.

8  Christopher Ketcham, "Enraged about Corporate Greed?  Kidnap Your Boss," 1 May 2009.

9  Eren Buglalilar, "Deepening Crisis, Growing Resistance: Workers in Turkey," MRZine, 27 April 2009.

10  "Chicago Window Factory Reopens with Occupying Workers Back on the Job," DemocracyNow! 15 May 2009.

11  Marie Trigona, "Argentine Factory in the Hands of the Workers: FASINPAT a Step Closer to Permanent Worker Control," 27 May 2009.

12  Klein and Lewis, "The Cure for Layoffs: Fire the Boss!" op. cit.


Shawn Hattingh works for the International Labour Research and Information Group (ILRIG) in Cape Town.
URL: mrzine.monthlyreview.org/hattingh150609.html
MR
StatCounter - Free Web Tracker and Counter
: